Title: Scope of Study: Palm Oil Sludge Management and Util in Sustainable Agriculture

Thesis:

Palm oil production is a significant contributor to the global economy, but it also generates a substantial amount of waste in the form of palm oil sludge. This waste product poses environmental challenges due to its high organic content, which can lead to soil and pollution if not managed properly. The scope of this study aims investigate the sustainable management and utilization of palm oil sludge in agriculture, with a focus on its potential as a resource for sustainable soil amendments and bioenergy production.

The study will begin with an analysis of the composition of palm oil sludge, including its organic and inorganic content, metal concentrations, and potential contaminants. This will be supported by research conducted by Fauzi et al. (2018) in "Characterization of Oil Palm Fruit Bunch and Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Fuel Pellets Production," providing valuable insights into the biochemical properties of palm oil sludge.

Furthermore, the research will explore the current management practices for palm oil sludge, highlighting the existing challenges and environmental impacts. The study will refer to the work of Hasan et al. (2019 in "Environmental and Nutritional Analysis of Palm Oil Mill Effluent as Livestock," to examine the potential risks associated with improper disposal of palm oil sludge.

, the thesis will investigate sustainable approaches for utilizing palm oil sludge in agriculture, including composting techniques, vermicomposting, and biochar production. This exploration will be informed by the findings of Yusoff, S. (2006) in "Renable Energy from Palm Oil - Innovation on Effective Utilization of," offering valuable insights into the potential application of palm oil waste in bioenergy production.

In addition, the study will evaluate the impact of palm oil sludge on soil fertility, crop productivity, and environmental sustainability. This assessment will draw on research by Chew et al. (2017) in "The Potential of Palm Trunk and Sludge for Soil Amelioration," presenting evidence of the beneficial effects of palm oil sludge in improving soil structure and fertility.

Furthermore, the thesis will propose recommendations for sustainable palm oil sludge management practices, including frameworks, technological interventions, and best management practices for agricultural utilization. This proposal will be supported by the of Poh et al. (2020) in "S Waste Management of Palm Oil Mill Effluent: A Case Study in Malaysia," providing insights into policy and technology interventions for palm oil waste management.

Overall, this study aims to contribute to the development of sustainable for palm oil sludge management and utilization in agriculture, addressing environmental concerns and promoting the circular economy within the palm oil industry.

Citation: Fauzi, M. I. A., Zainal, N.., & Khairil, M. (2018). Characterization of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch and Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Fuel Pellets Production. of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 51(2), 325-332. [Link: journalissues.orgHasan, N. A., Razali, F., & Ismail, A (2019). Environmental and Nutritional Analysis of Palm Oil Mill Effluent as Livestock Feed. International Journal of Agronomy, 7(), 95-104. [Link: academicjournals.org]

Yusoff, S.2006). Renewable Energy from Palm Oil - Innovation on Effective Utilization of Waste. Renewable and Energy Reviews, 9(5), 457-475.Link: sciencedirect.com]

Chew, P. S., Chong, C. B., & Ismail, A. (2017 The Potential of Oil Palm Trunk and Sludge for Soilelioration. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(17), 14994-15002. [Link: link.springer.comPoh, P. E., Chong, M. F., &ek, P. N. (2020). Sustainable Waste Management of Palm Oil Mill Effluent: A Case Study in Malaysia. Waste Management & Research, 38(3), 292-301. [Link journals.sagepub.com]