DNA replication is a fundamental process that occurs in all living organisms, enabling the accurate transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next. It involves several key steps:

1. Initiation: The replication process begins at specific sites on the DNA molecule called origins of replication. Here, the double helix of the DNA is unwound by the enzyme helicase, creating two single strands.

2. Elongation: Each single DNA strand then becomes a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. The enzyme DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the growing new strand according to the base pairing rules (A with T, and C with G).

3. Semiconservative replication: The result is two DNA molecules, each consisting of one original (parental) strand and one newly synthesized (daughter) strand. This type of replication is called semiconservative because each new DNA double helix consists of one old strand and one new strand.

4. Termination: The replication process continues until the entire DNA molecule is copied. The termination process involves specific sequences that signal the end of the replication.

Overall, DNA replication is a highly accurate and essential process for ensuring genetic continuity and stability in living organisms.

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