Procedure: Run the Docker Desktop installer and follow the on-screen instructions to complete the installation. Launch Docker Desktop: After installation, launch Docker Desktop from the Start menu or desktop shortcut. Verify Docker installation: Open a command prompt or PowerShell window. Run the command docker version to verify that Docker is installed correctly. You should see information about the Docker version and API version. Pull a pre-built image from Docker Hub: Docker Hub is a public repository of Docker images. You can pull pre-built images from Docker Hub and use them to create containers. Open a command prompt or PowerShell window. Run the command docker pull IMAGE_NAME:TAG to pull a specific image from Docker Hub. Replace IMAGE_NAME with the name of the image you want to pull and TAG with the specific version or tag of the image. For example, to pull the latest version of the Ubuntu image, you can run docker pull ubuntu:latest. List the pulled images: Run the command docker images to list all the Docker images available on your local system. You should see the image you pulled in the previous step. Create a container from a pre-built image: 6 Run the command docker run --name CONTAINER_NAME IMAGE_NAME:TAG to create a container from a pre-built image. Replace CONTAINER_NAME with a name for your container and IMAGE_NAME:TAG with the name and tag of the image you want to use. For example, to create a container named "mycontainer" from the Ubuntu image, you can run docker run --name mycontainer ubuntu:latest. By default, the container will run in the foreground, and you will see the container's output in the terminal. Manage running containers: To see a list of running containers, run the command docker ps. This will show the container ID, name, image used, and status of the running containers. To stop a running container, use the command docker stop CONTAINER_ID or docker stop CONTAINER_NAME. Replace CONTAINER_ID or CONTAINER_NAME with the actual ID or name of the container. To start a stopped container, use the command docker start CONTAINER_ID or docker start CONTAINER_NAME. Build a custom image: Docker allows you to build your custom images based on a Dockerfile, which contains instructions for building the image. Create a new directory and navigate to it in the command prompt or PowerShell. Create a file named Dockerfile in the directory and add the necessary instructions to build your custom image. For example, you can use the following Dockerfile to build a custom image based on the Ubuntu image: FROM ubuntu:latest RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y CMD [""] Replace with the name of the package you want to install and with the command you want the container to execute when it starts. Save the Dockerfile. Build the custom image: Run the command docker build -t IMAGE_NAME:TAG . to build the custom image. Replace IMAGE_NAME:TAG with the desired name and tag for your image. The . at the end of the command specifies that the build context is the current directory where the Dockerfile is located. List the built image: Run the command docker images to verify that your custom image has been built successfully. Create a container from the custom image: Use the same command as in step 6 to create a container from your custom image: docker run --name CONTAINER_NAME IMAGE_NAME:TAG. 7 Replace CONTAINER_NAME with a name for your container and IMAGE_NAME:TAG with the name and tag of your custom image. Interact with the container: Once the container is running, you can interact with it by running commands inside it. To execute a command inside the container, use the command docker exec CONTAINER_NAME COMMAND. Replace CONTAINER_NAME with the name of your container and COMMAND with the command you want to execute. For example, to run a shell inside the container, you can run docker exec -it CONTAINER_NAME /bin/bash. Remove containers and images: To remove a container, use the command docker rm CONTAINER_ID or docker rm CONTAINER_NAME. To remove an image, use the command docker rmi IMAGE_NAME:TAG. Note that you cannot remove a running container. You need to stop it first using the docker stop command. These are the basic steps to create and manage containers using pre-built and custom images in Docker Desktop on Windows. ; give commands and explaination

Procedure: i. Attached and Detached Containers: Run a container in attached mode by executing the following command: docker run -it Replace with the name of the Docker image you want to run. This command starts the container in attached mode, which means the container's input/output is connected to the terminal where the command was executed. To detach from the container without stopping it, press Ctrl + P followed by Ctrl + Q. You'll return to the host terminal while leaving the container running in the background. To reattach to a detached container, use the following command: docker attach Replace with the name or ID of the detached container. ii. Interactive Mode: Run a container in interactive mode by executing the following command: docker run -it Replace with the name of the Docker image you want to run. 9 Replace with the desired command to be executed inside the container. This command starts the container in interactive mode, allowing you to interact with the container's shell or command specified. For example, to start a bash shell inside a Ubuntu container interactively, use: docker run -it ubuntu bash You can now execute commands within the container and see the output. iii. Image and Container Deletion: List all the Docker images on your system by running the command: docker images Identify the image you want to delete and note its IMAGE ID. To delete an image, use the following command: docker rmi Replace with the actual IMAGE ID of the image you want to delete. Before deleting an image, make sure there are no running containers based on that image. Stop and remove any dependent containers first. To delete a running or stopped container, use the following command: docker rm Replace with the name or ID of the container you want to delete. iv. Automatic Removal of Stopped Containers: By default, Docker does not automatically remove stopped containers. To enable automatic removal of stopped containers, you can use the --rm option when running a container: docker run --rm When the container is stopped, it will be automatically removed. This is useful for short-lived containers or when you don't need to persist the container after it finishes its task. By following these steps, you'll gain hands-on experience with container lifecycle management in Docker, including working with attached and detached containers, interactive mode, image and container deletion, and automatic removal of stopped containers. Make sure to replace , , and with the appropriate values based on your environment and the Docker images and containers you're working with. ; give commands and explaination

Procedure: Pull a Docker Image from Docker Hub: Open a command prompt or PowerShell window. Run the following command to pull a Docker image from Docker Hub: docker pull Replace with the name of the Docker image you want to pull. For example, to pull the official nginx image, use docker pull nginx. Run a Container from the Pulled Image: Use the following command to run a container from the pulled image: docker run Replace with the name of the Docker image you pulled in the previous step. You can add additional options to the docker run command, such as port mapping and volume mounting, as per your requirements. Explore Container Logs and Check Running Processes: To explore the logs of a running container, open a new command prompt or PowerShell window. Use the following command to view the logs of a specific container: docker logs Replace with the name or ID of the running container. The logs will display the output and activity happening inside the container. CO2 Understand the Docker Container and various basic commands on images CO4 Implement Docker Communication, Dockerizing applications and Services 12 To check the running processes inside a container, use the following command: docker exec -it sh This command opens a shell session inside the container, allowing you to interact with it. You can replace sh with the appropriate shell (e.g., bash) if the container has a different default shell. Stop and Remove the Container: To stop a running container, open a new command prompt or PowerShell window. Use the following command to stop a specific container: docker stop Replace with the name or ID of the running container. The container will stop gracefully and exit. To remove a stopped container, use the following command: docker rm Replace with the name or ID of the stopped container. The container will be removed from your system. Remember to replace and with the appropriate names or IDs based on your scenario. You can explore different Docker images available on Docker Hub and experiment with various containers using these commands. ; give commands and explaination

Procedure: To perform the "Introducing Volumes" experiment in Docker Desktop, follow these steps: Launch Docker Desktop: Open Docker Desktop once it is installed. Ensure that the Docker daemon is running and the Docker CLI (Command Line Interface) is accessible. Create a Volume: Open a terminal or command prompt and use the following command to create a Docker volume: docker volume create myvolume This command will create a new volume named "myvolume". Run a Container with Volume: Now, you can run a container that uses the created volume. Choose an appropriate Docker image for your experiment (e.g., an image with a web server, database, etc.). Use the following command to run a container with the volume attached: docker run -d -v myvolume:/path/to/mount <image_name> Replace <image_name> with the name of the Docker image you want to use. The -v option specifies the volume to attach, and /path/to/mount is the path within the container where the volume will be mounted. CO2 Understand the Docker Container and various basic commands on images CO3 Understand Docker Volumes and Management Manipulation Test Volume Usage: Once the container is running, you can interact with it to store and retrieve data from the volume. This could involve writing files, storing database data, or any other data-related tasks specific to the container you chose. Inspect Volume: You can inspect the volume to view its details, such as the mount point on the host machine. Use the following command to inspect the volume: docker volume inspect myvolume Cleanup: After completing the experiment, you can stop and remove the container using the container's ID or name. Additionally, you can remove the volume using the following command: docker volume rm myvolume This command will remove the volume named "myvolume"; give commands and explaination

Procedure: To perform the mentioned tasks and adjustments, let's break them down one by one: A NodeJS-specific Adjustment: Using Nodemon in a Container: Start by creating a new directory for your Node.js project. In this directory, create a Dockerfile to define the Docker image configuration. The Dockerfile should be placed in the root of your project. Use a base Node.js image in the Dockerfile, such as node:14. Install nodemon globally by adding the following line in your Dockerfile: RUN npm install -g nodemon Set the working directory in the Dockerfile using: WORKDIR /app Copy the package.json and package-lock.json files into the container using: COPY package*.json ./ Run npm install to install the dependencies: RUN npm install Copy the rest of your application files into the container using: Set the startup command to use nodemon: CMD ["nodemon", "app.js"] CO3 Understand Docker Volumes and Management Manipulation 16 Build the Docker image by running the following command from the project's root directory: docker build -t my-node-app . Run the container using the created image: docker run -p 3000:3000 -v $(pwd):/app my-node-app This will start your Node.js application using nodemon inside the container, allowing automatic restarts on file changes. Volumes & Bind Mounts: To use volumes and bind mounts, you can modify the docker run command mentioned above. Create a directory on your host machine where you want to store persistent data. Let's assume the path is /path/to/host/volume. Modify the docker run command to include a bind mount: docker run -p 3000:3000 -v /path/to/host/volume:/app my-node-app This command will mount the /path/to/host/volume directory on your host machine to the /app directory inside the container. Any changes made in the container will be reflected in the host directory, providing persistent storage. Read-Only Volumes: To create a read-only volume, modify the docker run command as follows: docker run -p 3000:3000 -v /path/to/host/volume:/app:ro my-node-app By adding :ro at the end of the volume specification, you make it read-only. This prevents any modifications to the volume from inside the container. Managing Docker Volumes: To manage Docker volumes, you can use various Docker CLI commands: To list all volumes on your system: docker volume ls To inspect a specific volume: docker volume inspect <volume_name> To remove a volume: docker volume rm <volume_name> Working with COPY, dockerignore, and .env Files: In your Dockerfile, the COPY instruction copies files from the host machine to the container. 17 Create a .dockerignore file in the same directory as your Dockerfile. In this file, list the files and directories you want to exclude from being copied into the container. ; give commands and explaination

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