Certainly! It seems you're looking for information on various design patterns. I'll provide a brief summary of each design pattern including why to use it, when to use it, how to use it, and a code example in Java with heavy comments.

1. Singleton Design Pattern:
   • Why to use: Ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it.
   • When to use: When you want to limit the number of instances of a particular class to one.
   • How to use: Use a private constructor, a static method to get the instance, and a static member variable to hold the single instance.
   • Example:

public class Singleton {
    private static Singleton instance;

    private Singleton() { }

    public static Singleton getInstance() {
        if (instance == null) {
            instance = new Singleton();
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

I'll provide the same information for each of the design patterns you mentioned. Here's the next one:

2. Builder Design Pattern:
   • Why to use: For constructing complex objects step by step and to provide a clear separation of concerns.
   • When to use: When the creation of an object involves a lot of steps or if there's a need to create different representations of the same object.
   • How to use: Create a static nested builder class within the class it is building with methods to set properties, and a build method to return the final object.
   • Java Example:

public class Product {
    private String name;
    private String type;

    public static class Builder {
        private String name;
        private String type;

        public Builder name(String name) {
            this.name = name;
            return this;
        }

        public Builder type(String type) {
            this.type = type;
            return this;
        }

        public Product build() {
            return new Product(this);
        }
    }

    private Product(Builder builder) {
        this.name = builder.name;
        this.type = builder.type;
    }
}

I'll proceed with the other design patterns in a similar manner. Let me know if you'd like to continue.

3. Prototype Design Pattern:
   • Why to use: Used to create new objects by copying an existing object, which is useful when the cost of initializing a new object is more expensive.
   • When to use: When the cost of initializing an object is expensive or when the class instance can have multiple states.
   • How to use: Create a cloneable interface or method that allows creating a copy of an existing object.
   • Java Example:

public abstract class Shape implements Cloneable {
    private String type;

    abstract void draw();

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    @Override
    public Shape clone() {
        Shape clone = null;
        try {
            clone = (Shape) super.clone();
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return clone;
    }
}

4. Factory Design Pattern:
   • Why to use: Used to create objects without exposing the instantiation logic to the client and to refer to the newly created object using a common interface.
   • When to use: When the creation of an object involves complex initialization or when the client doesn't need to know the concrete implementation of the object.
   • How to use: Create a factory class with a method to create objects of a specific type.
   • Java Example:

public interface Shape {
    void draw();
}

public class Circle implements Shape {
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Drawing a Circle");
    }
}

public class Rectangle implements Shape {
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Drawing a Rectangle");
    }
}

public class ShapeFactory {
    public static Shape createShape(String type) {
        if ("circle".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
            return new Circle();
        } else if ("rectangle".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
            return new Rectangle();
        }
        return null;
    }
}

I'll continue with the remaining design patterns. Let me know if you have any specific preferences or if you'd like me to prioritize a particular pattern.

Certainly! Let's continue with the next design pattern:

5. Factory Registry Design Pattern:
   • Why to use: Used to maintain a registry of available factories for different products and to create families of related or dependent objects.
   • When to use: When there are multiple families of related or dependent objects that need to be created and maintained.
   • How to use: Create a registry to maintain a mapping of key to factory and use it to retrieve the associated factory when needed.
   • Java Example:

public interface Animal {
    void makeSound();
}

public class Dog implements Animal {
    @Override
    public void makeSound() {
        System.out.println("Bark");
    }
}

public class Cat implements Animal {
    @Override
    public void makeSound() {
        System.out.println("Meow");
    }
}

public class AnimalFactoryRegistry {
    private Map<String, Supplier<Animal>> registry = new HashMap<>();

    public void registerAnimal(String key, Supplier<Animal> factory) {
        registry.put(key, factory);
    }

    public Animal createAnimal(String key) {
        Supplier<Animal> factory = registry.get(key);
        if (factory != null) {
            return factory.get();
        }
        return null;
    }
}

6. Abstract Factory Design Pattern:
   • Why to use: Provides an interface to create families of related or dependent objects without specifying their concrete classes.
   • When to use: When you need to ensure that the created objects are from the same family and when the family of objects needs to be used together.
   • How to use: Create factory interfaces for each related object family and their corresponding concrete factory implementations.
   • Java Example:

public interface Animal {
 void makeSound();
}

public class Dog implements Animal {
    @Override
    public void makeSound() {
        System.out.println("Bark");
    }
}

public class Cat implements Animal {
    @Override
    public void makeSound() {
        System.out.println("Meow");
    }
}

public interface AnimalFactory {
    Animal createAnimal();
}

public class DogFactory implements AnimalFactory {
    @Override
    public Animal createAnimal() {
        return new Dog();
    }
}

public class CatFactory implements AnimalFactory {
    @Override
    public Animal createAnimal() {
        return new Cat();
    }
}

I'll continue with the remaining design patterns. Let me know if you have any specific preferences or if you'd like me to prioritize a particular pattern.

Certainly! Let's proceed with the next design pattern:

7. Adapter Design Pattern:
   • Why to use: Helps in making two incompatible interfaces work together and allows reusability of existing interfaces.
   • When to use: When you want to use a class with a specific interface, but its interface doesn't match what you need.
   • How to use: Create an adapter class that implements the target interface and wraps the adaptee object, translating its interface to the target interface.
   • Java Example:

public interface MediaPlayer {
    void play(String audioType, String fileName);
}

public interface AdvancedMediaPlayer {
    void playVlc(String fileName);
    void playMp4(String fileName);
}

public class VlcPlayer implements AdvancedMediaPlayer {
    @Override
    public void playVlc(String fileName) {
        System.out.println("Playing vlc file. Name: " + fileName);
    }

    @Override
    public void playMp4(String fileName) {
        // Do nothing
    }
}

public class Mp4Player implements AdvancedMediaPlayer {
    @Override
    public void playVlc(String fileName) {
        // Do nothing
    }

    @Override
    public void playMp4(String fileName) {
        System.out.println("Playing mp4 file. Name: " + fileName);
    }
}

public class MediaAdapter implements MediaPlayer {
    private AdvancedMediaPlayer advancedMusicPlayer;

    public MediaAdapter(String audioType){
        if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("vlc") ){
            advancedMusicPlayer = new VlcPlayer();
        } else if (audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("mp4")){
            advancedMusicPlayer = new Mp4Player();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void play(String audioType, String fileName) {
        if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("vlc")){
            advancedMusicPlayer.playVlc(fileName);
        }
        else if(audioType.equalsIgnoreCase("mp4")){
            advancedMusicPlayer.playMp4(fileName);
        }
    }
}

8. Composite Design Pattern:
   • Why to use: Lets clients treat individual objects and compositions of objects uniformly.
   • When to use: When you want to represent part-whole hieries of objects and want clients to treat individual objects and compositions uniformly.
   • How to use: Create a component interface with methods for both primitive and composite objects. Implement the component interface for leaf and composite objects.
   • Java Example:

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public interface Employee {
    void showDetails();
}

public class Developer implements Employee {
    private String name;
    private String position;

    public Developer(String name, String position) {
        this.name = name;
        this.position = position;
    }

    @Override
    public void showDetails() {
        System.out.println("Developer: [ Name: " + name + ", Position: " + position + " ]");
    }
}

public class implements Employee {
    private String name;
    private String position;
    private List<Employee> employees = new ArrayList<>();

    public Manager(String name, String position) {
        this.name = name;
        this.position = position;
    }

    public void addEmployee(Employee employee) {
        employees.add(employee);
    }

    public void removeEmployee(Employee employee) {
        employees.remove(employee);
    }

    @Override
    public void showDetails() {
        System.out.println("Manager: [ Name: " + name + ", Position: " + position + " ]");
        System.out.println("Employees under this manager: ");
        for (Employee employee : employees) {
            employee.showDetails();
        }
    }
}

Let me know if you have any specific design pattern you'd like to delve into or if you'd like to explore more design patterns.

Of course! Let's move on to the next design pattern:

9. Decorator Design Pattern:
   • Why to use: Allows behavior to be added to individual objects dynamically and is more flexible than subclassing.
   • When to use: When you need to add new functionality to an object without altering its structure and when there is a need for different combinations of behaviors.
   • How to use: Create a component interface, concrete component, decorator interface, and concrete decorator classes to add functionalities.
   • Java Example:

public interface Shape {
    void draw();
}

public class Circle implements Shape {
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Shape: Circle");
    }
}

public abstract class ShapeDecorator implements Shape {
    protected Shape decoratedShape;

    public ShapeDecorator(Shape decoratedShape) {
        this.decoratedShape = decoratedShape;
    }

    public void draw() {
        decoratedShape.draw();
    }
}

public class RedShapeDecorator extends ShapeDecorator {
    public RedShapeDecorator(Shape decoratedShape) {
        super(decoratedShape);
    }

    @Override
    public void draw() {
        decoratedShape.draw();
        setRedBorder(decoratedShape);
    }

    private void setRedBorder(Shape decoratedShape){
        System.out.println("Border Color: Red");
    }
}

10. Proxy Design Pattern:

• Why to use: Allows for the creation of a placeholder for another object to control access to it.
• When to use: When you need to control access to an object and when you need to add functionalities like logging, security, caching, etc., without changing the code of the original object.
• How to use: Create interfaces for both the real and proxy objects and implement the proxy class to control access to the real object.
• Java Example:

public interface Image {
    void display();
}

public class RealImage implements Image {
    private String fileName;

    public RealImage(String fileName){
        this.fileName = fileName;
        loadFromDisk(fileName);
    }

    private void loadFromDisk(String fileName){
        System.out.println("Loading " + fileName);
    }

    public void display() {
        System.out.println("Displaying " + fileName);
    }
}

public class ProxyImage implements Image{
    private RealImage realImage;
    private String fileName;

    public ProxyImage(String fileName){
        this.fileName = fileName;
    }

    public void display() {
        if(realImage == null){
            realImage = new RealImage(fileName);
        }
        realImage.display();
    }
}

Feel free to let me know if you have a particular pattern in mind that you'd like to learn more about, or if you'd like to explore additional design patterns.

Absolutely, let's continue with the next design pattern:

11. Bridge Design Pattern:

• Why to use: Separates the abstraction from its implementation so that they can vary independently.
• When to use: When you want to avoid a permanent binding between an abstraction and its implementation, and when changes in implementation should not affect the client code.
• How to use: Create an interface for the abstraction (e.g., Shape) and implementor (e.g., Color). Then create concrete classes implementing the implementor interface, followed by a refined abstraction class that extends the abstraction interface.
• Java Example:

public interface Color {
    void applyColor();
}

public class RedColor implements Color {
    @Override
    public void applyColor() {
        System.out.println("Applying red color");
    }
}

public class BlueColor implements Color {
    @Override
    public void applyColor() {
        System.out.println("Applying blue color");
    }
}

public abstract class Shape {
    protected Color color;

    public Shape(Color color) {
        this.color = color;
    }

    abstract void applyColor();
}

public class Square extends Shape {
    public Square(Color color) {
        super(color);
    }

    @Override
    public void applyColor() {
        System.out.print("Square filled with color ");
        color.applyColor();
    }
}

Feel free to express if there's a specific pattern you'd like to delve into or if you wish to explore additional design patterns.