criar um app django com login, cadastro de usuario com nivel de acesso, um app de cadastro de funcionarios, cadastro de clientes, cadastro de equipes de funcionarios; um app de avaliação de desempenho de funcionario e uma dasboard, dependendo do nivel de acesso o funcionario so pode acessar páginas ou app´s específicos, usar o django-roles-permissions
Compreendo! Para criar uma solução de gerenciamento de usuários com níveis de acesso em uma aplicação Django, você pode seguir os seguintes passos:
from django.db import models class User(models.Model): username = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True) email = models.EmailField(unique=True) password = models.CharField(max_length=255) level = models.CharField(max_length=10) def __str__(self): return self.username
django-roles-permissions
. This will allow you to define different roles for your users and assign permissions to each role.from django.contrib.auth.models import User from django_roles_permissions.models import Role def assign_role(user, role): user.roles.add(role) def revoke_role(user, role): user.roles.remove(role)
from django.urls import path from . import views urlpatterns = [ path('login/', views.login, name='login'), path('register/', views.register, name='register'), path('cadastro-funcionario/', views.cadastro_funcionario, name='cadastro_funcionario'), path('cadastro-cliente/', views.cadastro_cliente, name='cadastro_cliente'), path('cadastro-equipe/', views.cadastro_equipe, name='cadastro_equipe'), path('avaliacao-desempenho/', views.avaliacao_desempenho, name='avaliacao_desempenho'), path('dashboard/', views.dashboard, name='dashboard'), ]
from django.shortcuts import render from .models import User def login(request): if request.user.is_authenticated: return render(request, 'dashboard.html') else: return render(request, 'login.html') def register(request): if request.method == 'POST': username = request.POST['username'] password = request.POST['password'] User.objects.create_user(username=username, password=password) return render(request, 'login.html') else: return render(request, 'register.html') def cadastro_funcionario(request): if request.method == 'POST': name = request.POST['name'] email = request.POST['email'] funcionario = Funcionario(name=name, email=email) funkcionario.save() return render(request, 'cadastro_funcionario.html') else: return render(request, 'cadastro_funcionario.html') def cadastro_cliente(request): if request.method == 'POST': name = request.POST['name'] email = request.POST['email'] cliente = Cliente(name=name, email=email) cliente.save() return render(request, 'cadastro_cliente.html') else: return render(request, 'cadastro_cliente.html') def cadastro_equipe(request): if request.method == 'POST': name = request.POST['name'] email = request.POST['email'] equipe = Equipe(name=name, email=email) equipe.save() return render(request, 'cadastro_equipe.html') else: return render(request, 'cadastro_equipe
Como definir diferentes roles para usuários?
Para definir diferentes roles para usuários em uma aplicação Django, você pode usar o módulo django-roles-permissions
. Este módulo fornece uma abordagem flexível para gerenciar permissões e roles em sua aplicação.
Para criar um role, você pode criar uma instance do classes Role
e definir as permissões desejadas para o role. Por exemplo:
from django_roles_permissions.models import Role # Criar um role chamado "admin" admin_role = Role.objects.create(name="admin") # Atribuir permissões específicas ao role admin_role.permissions.add(permissions.ChangeSettings) admin_role.permissions.add(permissions.DeleteObjects) # Criar um usuário e atribuir o role user = User.objects.create_user(email="[email protected]", password="password123") user.roles.add(admin_role)
Em código Python, você pode criar diferentes roles e atribuir permissões a cada um. Isso allow você to control access to different features and functionality in your application based on the user's role.
For example, you could create a role called "user" and give it permissions to access a specific view or model in your application. You could then create a role called "admin" and give it more permissive permissions, such as the ability to change settings or delete objects.
Here is an example of how you could use django-roles-permissions
to define different roles and assign permissions to each role:
from django_roles_permissions.models import Role from django.contrib.auth.models import User # Create a role with specific permissions role_1 = Role.objects.create(name="user") role_1.permissions.add(permissions.ViewObject) # Create a role with more permissive permissions role_2 = Role.objects.create(name="admin") role_2.permissions.add(permissions.ChangeSettings, permissions.DeleteObjects) # Assign the roles to users user1 = User.objects.create_user(email="[email protected]", password="password123") user1.roles.add(role_1) user2 = User.objects.create_user(email="[email protected]", password="password123") user2.roles.add(role_2)
In this example, the role_1
has the ViewObject
permission only, while the role_2
has more permissive permissions including ChangeSettings
and DeleteObjects
. The user1
has only the role_1
, while the user2
has both role_1
and role_2
.
You can use this approach to create different roles for different users in your application, and use the django-roles-permissions
module to manage permissions for each role. This will allow you to control access to different features and functionality in your application based on the user's role.
In summary, django-roles-permissions
is a powerful tool for managing permissions and roles in Django applications. By using it, you can define different roles for users and assign permissions to each role, allowing you to control access to different features and functionality in your application based on the user's role.
How to assign roles to users in views?
To assign roles to users in views in Django, you can use the request
object's user
attribute to get the currently authenticated user and then check the user's role using the request.user.groups.all()
method.
Here is an example of how you can use this method to assign a role to a user in a view:
from django.shortcuts import render from .models import User def my_view(request): # Get the currently authenticated user user = request.user # Check the user's role if user.is_superuser: # The user is a superuser, so assign the "superuser" role user.roles.add("superuser") elif user.groups.filter(name="mygroup").exists(): # The user is in the "mygroup" group, so assign the "member" role user.roles.add("member") else: # The user is not in any group, so assign the "nonmember" role user.roles.add("nonmember") # Render the view return render(request, "my_view.html")
In this example, the view my_view
checks the user's role based on their group membership. If the user is a superuser, it assigns the "superuser" role to the user. If the user is in the "mygroup" group, it assigns the "member" role to the user. Otherwise, it assigns the "nonmember" role to the user.
You can also use the request.user.get_groups()
method to get a list of the user's groups, and then check if the user is in any of the groups that you want to assign a role to.
from django.shortcuts import render from .models import User def my_view(request): # Get the currently authenticated user user = request.user # Check the user's role if user.is_superuser: # The user is a superuser, so assign the "superuser" role user.roles.add("superuser") elif user.get_groups().filter(name="mygroup").exists(): # The user is in the "mygroup" group, so assign the "member" role user.roles.add("member") else: # The user is not in any group, so assign the "nonmember" role user.roles.add("nonmember") # Render the view return render(request, "my_view.html")
You can also use the request.user.is_authenticated()
method to check if the user is authenticated, and then check the user's role based on their authentication status.
from django.shortcuts import render from .models import User def my_view(request): # Get the currently authenticated user user = request.user # Check the user's role if user.is_authenticated: if user.is_superuser: # The user is a superuser, so assign the "superuser" role user.roles.add("superuser") elif user.get_groups().filter(name="mygroup").exists(): # The user is in the "mygroup" group, so assign the "member" role user.roles.add("member") else: # The user is not in any group, so assign the "nonmember" role user.roles.add("nonmember") else: # The user is not authenticated, so assign the "nonmember" role user.roles.add("nonmember") # Render the view return render(request, "my_view.html")
Keep in mind that you should always validate the user's identity before trying to assign a role to them, to prevent any unauthorized access to your application.
How to use request object's user attribute?
Para obter o usuário atual no seu aplicativo Django, você pode usar o objeto request
e a propriedade user
. Aqui estão algumas formas de usar essa propriedade:
from django.shortcuts import render from .models import User def my_view(request): user = request.user # Ação com o usuário return render(request, 'my_view.html', {'user': user})
Nesse exemplo, vamos obter o usuário atual usando request.user
e passá-lo como parâmetro para a função my_view
.
from django.shortcuts import render from .models import User def my_view(request): if request.user.is_authenticated: # Ação para autenticados return render(request, 'my_view.html') else: # Ação para não autenticados return render(request, 'nonauth.html')
Nesse exemplo, vamos verificar se o usuário está autenticado usando request.user.is_authenticated
. Se o usuário for autenticado, vamos renderizar a página my_view.html
else vamos renderizar a página nonauth.html
from django.shortcuts import render from .models import User def my_view(request): user = request.user group = user.groups.all() # Ação com o grupo return render(request, 'my_view.html', {'group': group})
Nesse exemplo, vamos obter o grupo do usuário usando user.groups.all()
e passá-lo como parâmetro para a função my_view
.
from django.shortcuts import render from .models import User def my_view(request): user = request.user if user.groups.filter(name='mygroup').exists(): # Ação para usuários do grupo return render(request, 'my_view.html') else: # Ação para não usuários do grupo return render(request, 'nonauth.html')
Nesse exemplo, vamos verificar se o usuário está em um grupo com o nome mygroup
usando user.groups.filter(name='mygroup').exists()
. Se o usuário estiver em esse grupo, vamos renderizar a página my_view.html
else vamos renderizar a página nonauth.html
Essas são apenas algumas formas de usar o objeto request
e a propriedade user
em sua aplicação Django. Você pode usar essa propriedade para obter informações sobre o usuário atual ou para realizar ações com base em se o usuário está autenticado ou em um determinado grupo.